Ventilation of houses



Oct. 29, 1935. w. c. coUL'roN 2,018,997

VENTILATIONAOF HOUSES Filed Sept. 29, 1934 l 6, Sheets-Sheet l I @www VENTILATION OF1 HOUSES F'il'ed Sept 29. 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet. 2

jrvucwt@ C651/Hoy Oct. 29, 1935. w. c. co'ULToN 2,018,997

VENTILATION OF HOUSES Filed Sept. 29, 1954 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 1% /ay C. UDL/foy Patented Oct. 29, 1935 VENTILATION OF HOUSES f William C. Coulton, Medford, Mass., assignor of one-eighth to Albert A. Stearns, Brooklyn, N. Y.

Application September 29, 1934, Serial No. 746,193

4 Claims.

This invention relates to the ventilation of houses and has special reference to building construction adapted to provide automatic ventilation of the various rooms of a building.

One important object of the invention is to provide an improved building construction wherein the Ventilating means are so arranged as to render the building interior proof against the entry o moisture from the exterior under all climatic conditions.

A second important object of the invention is to provide an improved building construction whereby great economy of heating may be effected in the colder periods of the year and the interior of the building be prevented from becoming excessively hot during the warmer portions of the year so that a great saving of fuel is effected during each cold period.

A third important object of the invention is to provide means in a building construction whereby the windows may be kept closed and yet such building be well ventilated.

A fourth important object of the invention is to provide an improved ventilation system especially adapted to prevent the introduction of dustinto the rooms of the building thereby keeping the interior walls clean and avoidingV the necessity of frequent repapering and repainting.

With the above and other objects in View, the invention consists in general of certain novel details of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and specifically claimed.

In the accompanying drawings like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several views, and:-

Figure 1 is a transverse section on the line I-I of Figure 3 through a building typically ndicating the construction of the invention.

vFigure 2 is a section approximately on line 2-2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section approximately on line 3-3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is an enlarged detail section through the upper part of the building showing the manner of controlling the draft.

Figure 5 is a section on line 5--5 of Figure 4.

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail section showing the manner of supplying air between the outer and inner window frames.

Figure '7 is a detail showing the up take draft for supplying air through the space between the outer and inner window frames.

Figure 8 is a sectional view showing the batile plate in place.

In carrying out the present invention there is provided a building having a foundation wall Il on which is erected an outer masonry wall II and an inner wall consisting of studding I2 on the outer side of which is arranged in spaced 5 relation to the masonry wall, a suitable coating or sheeting I3 while on the inner side thereof there is erected the usual lath and plaster suitable to be covered by paper or paint. Thus there is provided an outer wall and an inner wall l0 spaced from each other so that there is an air space between them: In the basement of the building, above the foundation wall III, there is provided the outer window but the window may be double so that there is an outer cellar window 16 I5 and an inner cellar window I6. The outer cellar window being provided with a vent I1 through which air blows into the space between the two windows above described. The inner wall terminatesA upwardly at the attic floor I8. in This same arrangement ismade on each floor, that is to say, air is admitted on each door in the manner just described, through the spaces between the outer and inner walls. v

As is usual in building intended for human 25 occupancy there is provided a chimney I9 which is surrounded by a Wall 20 spaced for the chimney so as to provide flues 2| communicating with the atmosphere throughv ducts 2|. In the upper story of the attic of the house it will be 30 observed that all of the air going up between the inside and outer wall will collect, and vents 22 are provided in the outer wall surrounding the chimney so that the hot and foul air may pass through these nues. 'There is also provided. through each set of roomsvertical bearing partitions 23 having air spaces in them communieating at the bottom to the cellar and to the atmosphere through ducts 23 and at the top to the attic space. In these partitions there are provided just below the ceiling of each door, vents 24 to take off the dead air.

Furthermore there may be provided, as shown in Figure 4, a vertical chamber 25 `:vherewith the exhaust air ducts communicate so thatv all the exhaust air is accumulated in this chamber and a damper 26 is preferably arranged at the top of the chamber communicating witha four way hood 21 so designed to prevent back pressure of wind or from anyv draft or Wind and to induce draft from the chamber 25. If desired an exhaust fan may be used to cause a forced draft.

Between the vertical outer and inner walls as shown in Figure 6 there may be a steam heating `Coil consisting of a steam inlet pipe 28 and an 55 outlet pipe 29. Also a heater 30 may be placed in the inlet duct 3| as shown in Figure 1 at the lower left hand portion of the building. A baille plate 32 may be placed below the heater in the the rooms can be ventilated very efficiently even v with closed windows.

There has thus been provided a simple and efficient construction of the kind described and for the purpose specified. A constant circulation of air throughout the building will be formed and there will be no dead air spaces whatever. The windows set in the outer wall can be closed tight yet sufcient air through the openings 33 in the sides of the window frames will flow in the rooms to give adequate ventilation. A home according to this disclosure has actually been 'built and lit has been found that the interior is much cooler in the summer time and greatly more comfortable than the ordinary home. Also in the winter time the home can be kept warm at a saving of approximately 50% of the fuel bill.

It is obvious that changes may be made in the specific form and arrangement of the construction without departing from the principles of the invention and therefore it is not desired to conne the invention to the exact form therein shown and described but it is wished to include all such as come within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. In a building construction of the class described, outer and inner walls spaced to provide Ventilating spaces, means including openings to admit air at the lower outer parts of said walls,

said walls including window openings and frames therefor, said frames straddling both of said outer and inner walls, said frames provided with openings registering with the space between the said walls to provide ventilation for the said space.

2. In a building construction of the class de- 5 scribed, outer and inner walls spaced to provide Ventilating spaces, means including openings to admit air at the lower outer parts of said walls. said walls including window openings and frames therefor, said frames straddling both of said 10 outer and inner walls, said frames provided with openings registering with the space between the said walls to provide ventilation for the said space, and a baille plate above the said openings to clean and filter the air before it reaches the l5 interior of the building.

3. In a building of the class described having outer and inner walls spaced to provide ventilating spaces, partitions in said building, the walls 1 of said partitions being hollow, ducts from the exterior of said building leading to the interior of said hollow partitions, all of said partitions and ducts being arranged so that the air passing therethrough is collected in one compartment, and means in said compartment to allow the stale air to iiow out to the atmosphere.

4. In a building of the class described having outer and inner walls spaced to provide Ventilating spaces, partitions in said building, the walls of said partitions being hollow, ducts from the exterior of said building leading to the interior of said hollow partitions, all of said partitions and ducts being arranged so that the air passing therethrough is collected in one compartment, means in said compartment to allow the stale air to flow out to the atmosphere, and means to control the outiiow of air.

WILLIAM C. COULTON. 

